Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat chronic sinus infections, nasal polyps, and other sinus-related conditions. The procedure is performed using a thin, flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) inserted into the nasal passages to access the sinuses without external incisions.
Why is it Done?
ESS is recommended for patients with:
- Chronic sinusitis that does not respond to medication
- Nasal polyps
- Sinus obstructions or structural abnormalities
- Fungal sinus infections
- Recurrent sinus infections
- Sinus tumors (rare cases)
How is the Procedure Performed?
- Anesthesia: The surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia, though local anesthesia may be used in some cases.
- Insertion of Endoscope: The surgeon inserts an endoscope into the nostril to visualize the nasal cavity and sinuses.
- Removal of Blockages: Specialized instruments are used to remove inflamed tissue, nasal polyps, or obstructions, allowing for better airflow and drainage.
- Sinus Opening Enlargement: The surgeon may widen sinus openings to improve drainage and ventilation.
- Completion: Once the necessary corrections are made, the surgeon removes the instruments, and no external incisions or stitches are required.
Recovery and Aftercare
- Mild discomfort, nasal congestion, and some bleeding are common in the first few days.
- Patients should avoid strenuous activities and blowing their nose for at least a week.
- Saline nasal rinses help keep the nasal passages clear and promote healing.
- Full recovery typically takes a few weeks, with follow-up visits to monitor healing.
Risks and Complications
While ESS is generally safe, potential risks include:
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Scar tissue formation
- Changes in sense of smell
- Rare complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leak or eye-related issues
Success Rate
ESS has a high success rate in improving sinus symptoms and quality of life. Most patients experience significant relief from chronic sinus problems and fewer infections post-surgery.
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