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Endoscopic Tympanoplasty

What is Endoscopic Tympanoplasty?

Endoscopic Tympanoplasty is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to repair a perforated eardrum (tympanic membrane) using an endoscope. This approach allows surgeons to access the middle ear through the ear canal without making an external incision behind the ear, which is commonly done in traditional tympanoplasty.

Why is it Done?

This procedure is performed to:

  • Repair eardrum perforations caused by infections, trauma, or chronic ear conditions
  • Restore hearing loss due to tympanic membrane damage
  • Prevent recurrent ear infections
  • Improve middle ear function
Endoskopik Timpanoplasti

Types of Tympanoplasty

Depending on the extent of damage, tympanoplasty may involve:

  1. Type I (Myringoplasty) – Repair of the eardrum without middle ear reconstruction
  2. Type II – Repair of the eardrum with ossicular (middle ear bones) reconstruction
  3. Type III-V – More complex procedures involving extensive middle ear reconstruction

How is the Procedure Performed?

  • Anesthesia: Typically performed under general anesthesia, though local anesthesia may be used in select cases.
  • Insertion of Endoscope: A small, high-definition endoscope is inserted through the ear canal for visualization.
  • Graft Placement: A graft (often taken from the patient’s own tissue, such as fascia or cartilage) is placed over the perforation.
  • Sealing and Healing: The graft is secured in position, allowing the eardrum to heal naturally.
  • Completion: The surgeon removes the instruments, and the ear is packed with a special dressing for protection.

Recovery and Aftercare

  • Mild discomfort, dizziness, or ear fullness may be experienced for a few days.
  • Hearing improvement typically occurs gradually as the ear heals.
  • Avoid water exposure in the ear until healing is complete.
  • No nose-blowing or straining to prevent pressure changes.
  • Follow-up visits are required to monitor healing and assess hearing improvement.

Advantages of Endoscopic Tympanoplasty

  • No external incision, reducing scarring
  • Less pain and faster recovery compared to traditional methods
  • Better visualization of the middle ear structures
  • Minimally invasive, preserving normal ear anatomy

Risks and Complications

Though generally safe, potential risks include:

  • Graft failure (requiring revision surgery)
  • Hearing loss (rare)
  • Ear infection
  • Dizziness or tinnitus (temporary in most cases)

Success Rate

Endoscopic tympanoplasty has a high success rate (80-95%) in closing eardrum perforations and improving hearing, depending on the size and location of the perforation.

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